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Environmental Migration from Coastal Area to Urban Centers: A Case Study of Mohammadpur Slums, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Received: 19 January 2015     Accepted: 8 March 2015     Published: 14 March 2015
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Abstract

Migration due to climate change induced disasters has become one of the major challenges for Bangladesh. But the data related to environmental migrants are insufficient specially the aftermath of migration to a new area. This study was designed to assess the people’s perceptions on coastal environmental hazards and the status of migrants after migration. The study was conducted on 100 households living in four slums of Mohammadpur area in Dhaka city with the help of questionnaire survey. 78% of the total respondents believe that coastal zone is more vulnerable than 10 years ago. 31.11% respondents thought frequent cyclone and 28.51% thought climate change as the major factors making the coastal zone more vulnerable over last 10 years. Excessive house rent (14.38%), inadequate supply of gas and electricity (14.22%) and water scarcity (13.08%) are the main problems of the slum people to where they have migrated. 33.64% respondents thought that governmental and non-governmental bodies should take initiatives to mitigate their problems.100% of the respondents chose Dhaka for the employment facility. Most of the respondents were from western coastal zone of Bangladesh. 61% of the respondents migrated during 2001-2010 showing a close relationship between increasing disaster and increase in the number of environmental migrants.

Published in International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy (Volume 3, Issue 2-1)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Environmental Researches

DOI 10.11648/j.ijepp.s.2015030201.17
Page(s) 40-44
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Environmental Migration, Climate Change, Disaster, Coastal Zone

References
[1] E. Piguet, “Climate change and forced migration”, Research Paper No. 153, Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit, Geneva: UNHCR, 2008.
[2] N. Myers, “Environmental refugees in a globally warmed world, Bioscience”, Vol. 43 (11), 1993, p-752-761.
[3] T. Akhter, (2009). “Climate Change and Flow of Environmental Displacement in Bangladesh.Dhaka”, This Scientific Briefing Paper Series on Climate Change and Development, UnnayanOnneshan, 2009.
[4] E. El-Hinnawi, “Environmental Refugees”, Nairobi: United Nations Environmental Programme, 1985.
[5] S. E. Lee,“A Theory of Migration”, University of Pennsylvania,1966. (http://www.jstor.org/pss/2060063).
[6] M. Shamsuhoda, “Sea Level Rise Causes: Environmental Refugee in Bangladesh”,Campaign Brief 5, Coast Trust and Equity and Justice Working Group, Dhaka, 2007.
[7] M.Alam, Bangladesh Country Case Study, National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) Workshop,Bhutan, 9-11 September, 2003.
[8] M. Walsham, Assessing the Evidence: Environment, Climate Change and Migration in Bangladesh, Dhaka : International Organization for Migration, 2010.
[9] N. A. Chowdhury, Men, women and the environment gender issues in climate change, Unnayan Onneshan, Dhaka, 2007.
[10] IPCC, Climate Change: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, McCarthy, J.J., Canziani, O.F., Leary, N.A., Dokken, D.J. and K.S. White (eds.) 2001.
[11] UNDP, Human Development Report 2007/2008, Fighting Climate Change: Human Solidarity in a Divided World, UNDP, New York, 2007.
[12] MoEF, Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan 2008, Ministry of Environment and Forests, 2008.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Jussi Dayna Biswas, K. Maudood Elahi, Bani Mahmud. (2015). Environmental Migration from Coastal Area to Urban Centers: A Case Study of Mohammadpur Slums, Dhaka, Bangladesh. International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy, 3(2-1), 40-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.s.2015030201.17

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    ACS Style

    Jussi Dayna Biswas; K. Maudood Elahi; Bani Mahmud. Environmental Migration from Coastal Area to Urban Centers: A Case Study of Mohammadpur Slums, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Int. J. Environ. Prot. Policy 2015, 3(2-1), 40-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.s.2015030201.17

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    AMA Style

    Jussi Dayna Biswas, K. Maudood Elahi, Bani Mahmud. Environmental Migration from Coastal Area to Urban Centers: A Case Study of Mohammadpur Slums, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Int J Environ Prot Policy. 2015;3(2-1):40-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.s.2015030201.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijepp.s.2015030201.17,
      author = {Jussi Dayna Biswas and K. Maudood Elahi and Bani Mahmud},
      title = {Environmental Migration from Coastal Area to Urban Centers: A Case Study of Mohammadpur Slums, Dhaka, Bangladesh},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2-1},
      pages = {40-44},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijepp.s.2015030201.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.s.2015030201.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepp.s.2015030201.17},
      abstract = {Migration due to climate change induced disasters has become one of the major challenges for Bangladesh. But the data related to environmental migrants are insufficient specially the aftermath of migration to a new area. This study was designed to assess the people’s perceptions on coastal environmental hazards and the status of migrants after migration. The study was conducted on 100 households living in four slums of Mohammadpur area in Dhaka city with the help of questionnaire survey. 78% of the total respondents believe that coastal zone is more vulnerable than 10 years ago. 31.11% respondents thought frequent cyclone and 28.51% thought climate change as the major factors making the coastal zone more vulnerable over last 10 years. Excessive house rent (14.38%), inadequate supply of gas and electricity (14.22%) and water scarcity (13.08%) are the main problems of the slum people to where they have migrated. 33.64% respondents thought that governmental and non-governmental bodies should take initiatives to mitigate their problems.100% of the respondents chose Dhaka for the employment facility. Most of the respondents were from western coastal zone of Bangladesh. 61% of the respondents migrated during 2001-2010 showing a close relationship between increasing disaster and increase in the number of environmental migrants.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    AU  - Jussi Dayna Biswas
    AU  - K. Maudood Elahi
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.s.2015030201.17
    AB  - Migration due to climate change induced disasters has become one of the major challenges for Bangladesh. But the data related to environmental migrants are insufficient specially the aftermath of migration to a new area. This study was designed to assess the people’s perceptions on coastal environmental hazards and the status of migrants after migration. The study was conducted on 100 households living in four slums of Mohammadpur area in Dhaka city with the help of questionnaire survey. 78% of the total respondents believe that coastal zone is more vulnerable than 10 years ago. 31.11% respondents thought frequent cyclone and 28.51% thought climate change as the major factors making the coastal zone more vulnerable over last 10 years. Excessive house rent (14.38%), inadequate supply of gas and electricity (14.22%) and water scarcity (13.08%) are the main problems of the slum people to where they have migrated. 33.64% respondents thought that governmental and non-governmental bodies should take initiatives to mitigate their problems.100% of the respondents chose Dhaka for the employment facility. Most of the respondents were from western coastal zone of Bangladesh. 61% of the respondents migrated during 2001-2010 showing a close relationship between increasing disaster and increase in the number of environmental migrants.
    VL  - 3
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Author Information
  • Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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