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Toxicity Study of Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium Bojer (Pittosporaceae) a Medicinal Plant of Madagascar

Received: 10 November 2015     Accepted: 20 November 2015     Published: 10 December 2015
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Abstract

The present work aimed to assess the leaf toxicity of Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium Bojer, a well-known medicinal plant endemic to Madagascar. Leaf methanolic extract (LME), obtained after successive extractions by hexan and methanol, was tested in vivo on warm and cold-blooded animals and in vitro on isolated atria of guinea-pig. LME was toxic to mice with a LD50 of about 46.69 mg/kg of body weight by intraperitoneal route. It induced mainly nervous disorders (body fasciculation, clonic convulsions), respiratory troubles (reduction of respiration frequency and cyanosis) and diarrheas. By intraperitoneal route, LME (46.69 mg/kg) caused histopathological lesions in lungs, liver, kidneys, small and large intestines but had no effects on brain, heart and stomach. Vascular congestion, inflammatory infiltrates, edema and necrosis were frequently observed. LME had a positive inotropic effect but no significant chronotropic one on isolated atria. It did not alter renal and hepatic functions at 21.24 mg/kg. It was highly toxic to the frog Ptychadena mascareniensis (LC50 of 13.51 µg/mL) and the fish Cyprinus carpio (LC50 of 8.2 µg/mL). It was also toxic to mosquito larvae Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus with LC50 of 720 ppm and 910 ppm respectively. Different chemical compound groups were found in LME but only saponins proved to be toxic. Under certain conditions, P. ochrosiaefolium might be exploited as source of pesticides or therapeutic molecules.

Published in Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19
Page(s) 349-357
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium, Leaf Methanolic Extract, Saponins, Toxicity, Histopathological Lesions, Pharmacological Activity

References
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Cite This Article
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    Maholy Pricille Ratsimiebo, David Ramanitrahasimbola, Clara Fredeline Rajemiarimoelisoa, Zoarilala Rinah Razafindrakoto, Hanitra Ranjana Randrianarivo, et al. (2015). Toxicity Study of Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium Bojer (Pittosporaceae) a Medicinal Plant of Madagascar. Journal of Plant Sciences, 3(6), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19

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    ACS Style

    Maholy Pricille Ratsimiebo; David Ramanitrahasimbola; Clara Fredeline Rajemiarimoelisoa; Zoarilala Rinah Razafindrakoto; Hanitra Ranjana Randrianarivo, et al. Toxicity Study of Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium Bojer (Pittosporaceae) a Medicinal Plant of Madagascar. J. Plant Sci. 2015, 3(6), 349-357. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19

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    AMA Style

    Maholy Pricille Ratsimiebo, David Ramanitrahasimbola, Clara Fredeline Rajemiarimoelisoa, Zoarilala Rinah Razafindrakoto, Hanitra Ranjana Randrianarivo, et al. Toxicity Study of Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium Bojer (Pittosporaceae) a Medicinal Plant of Madagascar. J Plant Sci. 2015;3(6):349-357. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19,
      author = {Maholy Pricille Ratsimiebo and David Ramanitrahasimbola and Clara Fredeline Rajemiarimoelisoa and Zoarilala Rinah Razafindrakoto and Hanitra Ranjana Randrianarivo and Danielle Aurore Doll Rakoto and Victor Louis Jeannoda},
      title = {Toxicity Study of Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium Bojer (Pittosporaceae) a Medicinal Plant of Madagascar},
      journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
      volume = {3},
      number = {6},
      pages = {349-357},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20150306.19},
      abstract = {The present work aimed to assess the leaf toxicity of Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium Bojer, a well-known medicinal plant endemic to Madagascar. Leaf methanolic extract (LME), obtained after successive extractions by hexan and methanol, was tested in vivo on warm and cold-blooded animals and in vitro on isolated atria of guinea-pig. LME was toxic to mice with a LD50 of about 46.69 mg/kg of body weight by intraperitoneal route. It induced mainly nervous disorders (body fasciculation, clonic convulsions), respiratory troubles (reduction of respiration frequency and cyanosis) and diarrheas. By intraperitoneal route, LME (46.69 mg/kg) caused histopathological lesions in lungs, liver, kidneys, small and large intestines but had no effects on brain, heart and stomach. Vascular congestion, inflammatory infiltrates, edema and necrosis were frequently observed. LME had a positive inotropic effect but no significant chronotropic one on isolated atria. It did not alter renal and hepatic functions at 21.24 mg/kg. It was highly toxic to the frog Ptychadena mascareniensis (LC50 of 13.51 µg/mL) and the fish Cyprinus carpio (LC50 of 8.2 µg/mL). It was also toxic to mosquito larvae Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus with LC50 of 720 ppm and 910 ppm respectively. Different chemical compound groups were found in LME but only saponins proved to be toxic. Under certain conditions, P. ochrosiaefolium might be exploited as source of pesticides or therapeutic molecules.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Toxicity Study of Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium Bojer (Pittosporaceae) a Medicinal Plant of Madagascar
    AU  - Maholy Pricille Ratsimiebo
    AU  - David Ramanitrahasimbola
    AU  - Clara Fredeline Rajemiarimoelisoa
    AU  - Zoarilala Rinah Razafindrakoto
    AU  - Hanitra Ranjana Randrianarivo
    AU  - Danielle Aurore Doll Rakoto
    AU  - Victor Louis Jeannoda
    Y1  - 2015/12/10
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19
    T2  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    JF  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    JO  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    SP  - 349
    EP  - 357
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2331-0731
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150306.19
    AB  - The present work aimed to assess the leaf toxicity of Pittosporum ochrosiaefolium Bojer, a well-known medicinal plant endemic to Madagascar. Leaf methanolic extract (LME), obtained after successive extractions by hexan and methanol, was tested in vivo on warm and cold-blooded animals and in vitro on isolated atria of guinea-pig. LME was toxic to mice with a LD50 of about 46.69 mg/kg of body weight by intraperitoneal route. It induced mainly nervous disorders (body fasciculation, clonic convulsions), respiratory troubles (reduction of respiration frequency and cyanosis) and diarrheas. By intraperitoneal route, LME (46.69 mg/kg) caused histopathological lesions in lungs, liver, kidneys, small and large intestines but had no effects on brain, heart and stomach. Vascular congestion, inflammatory infiltrates, edema and necrosis were frequently observed. LME had a positive inotropic effect but no significant chronotropic one on isolated atria. It did not alter renal and hepatic functions at 21.24 mg/kg. It was highly toxic to the frog Ptychadena mascareniensis (LC50 of 13.51 µg/mL) and the fish Cyprinus carpio (LC50 of 8.2 µg/mL). It was also toxic to mosquito larvae Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus with LC50 of 720 ppm and 910 ppm respectively. Different chemical compound groups were found in LME but only saponins proved to be toxic. Under certain conditions, P. ochrosiaefolium might be exploited as source of pesticides or therapeutic molecules.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry to Medical Sciences, Fundamental and Applied Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Malagasy Institute for Applied Research (IMRA), Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry to Medical Sciences, Fundamental and Applied Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry to Medical Sciences, Fundamental and Applied Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry to Medical Sciences, Fundamental and Applied Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar

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